Face ( Bertillon )

Cesare Lombroso (1835-1909)  “Uomo delinquente”, 1876, “the criminal Man”, Paris 1887. Lombroso, medical examiner and Professor in Turin studied the anatomy of hundreds of craniums and thousands of criminals. For him heredity plays a capital part in the psychology of the delinquent, who is before a whole patient. Schematically, it distinguished theborn ones regarded as irremediable (a kind of error of nature which must disappear) and the criminals by passion, occasional criminals who do not present a this fact a great dangerosity…. Concerning the born criminals, Lombroso had raised several marks as size of the face, of the nose, the jaw lower, early puberty… 

Alphonse Bertillon ( 1853 -1914) 

It melts in 1870 the first scientific laboratory of police force of criminal identification and invents the judicial anthropometry called Bertillon system or bertillonnage which uses the metric statement of certain anatomical natures to describe the criminals as well as possible in order to find them in the event of repetition .The aim was twofold: to establish a usable system of unique identification for criminals, and to establish a statistical system for discovering the basic criminal 'biotype.'

____________________________